When the retrofitted de Havillands (now known as DH-4B) were returned to service, the improvements proved enormously successful. More seriously, the altimeter registered 1,000 feet for each 1" around the scale, making it useless below 1,000 feet. Unfortunately, the pipes, placed on the bottom wing's leading edge, were regularly filled with mud. Air pressure through a metal pipe activated the airplane's air speed indicators. When flying east, it could oscillate from east to 90-degrees north. The airplane's compass was notoriously unreliable. The DH-4 instrument panel also had problems. The landing gear was repositioned and larger wheels were installed. To make the airplanes more durable, the linen fabric fuselage was replaced with plywood sheets over wood struts. The exhaust stacks were extended beyond the cockpit, so pilots would no longer be blinded by exhaust fumes. The cockpit was moved to the rear and rimmed with padded leather for cushion in rough landings. In January 1919, the de Havillands were removed from service for extensive renovation work. Among those killed in the early de Havilland airmail flights was Carl Smith, who stalled out over Elizabeth, New Jersey, while testing a DH-4 on December 16, 1918.that an airmail pilot was fined and almost fired for using his mail airplane to hunt antelope? The airplanes quickly gained a macabre nickname-flaming coffins. Pilots were too easily trapped between the engine and the mail compartment in accidents where minor crashes turned deadly, burning entangled pilots alive. The most precarious design flaw was the placement of the cockpit. ![]() Like most of the 2,500 fighter airplanes built in the United States by 1918, few DH-4 aircraft even saw battle.Īlthough the airplanes' range (350 miles) and load capacity (500 pounds) were good, de Havillands were not suited for the rigors and demands of airmail service, having been built for high-altitude military observation use. Designed by British engineer Geoffrey de Havilland, these airplanes had been built both in England and the United States during the last years of the war. In 1918 the Post Office Department requested 100 de Havilland airplanes, model DH-4, from the army.
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